If your employer owes you something, such as late salary, unpaid end-of-service benefits or an unexplained deduction, the first thing you need before filing a complaint is organised paperwork. A complaint backed by documents is clearer and faster, and helps the Ministry or the court understand your case the first time.
This article lists the documents you need to file a labour complaint in Abu Dhabi, explains why each one matters, and then walks through the complaint steps and the legal deadline.
Where does a labour complaint start?
In the private sector, a labour complaint starts with the Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratisation (MOHRE), through its app, website or approved service centres, or by calling 600590000. MOHRE first tries to reach an amicable settlement between the parties.
If that fails, MOHRE may decide certain lower-value disputes itself, or the dispute may be referred to the labour court depending on the type and value of the claim.
1. Identity documents
A copy of your Emirates ID.
A copy of your passport and residence visa.
Your work permit or personal number, if you have it.
These documents prove your identity and link the complaint to your file at MOHRE.
2. Employment contract
A copy of the employment contract registered with MOHRE, which is the contract that counts in a dispute.
Any annex or amendment to the contract, such as a salary increase or a change of job title.
The job offer, if its terms differ from the contract.
The contract is the basis for calculating salary, allowances, leave and end-of-service gratuity, so always keep a copy. If you do not have one, you can request it from MOHRE.
3. Proof of salary
Monthly payslips.
Bank statements showing the monthly transfers, especially if your salary is paid through the Wage Protection System (WPS).
Any salary certificate issued by the company.
These documents prove your actual salary, the months it was not paid and any deductions.
4. Correspondence
Emails and WhatsApp messages with management or HR, especially about salary, deductions, leave or termination.
The termination letter or resignation letter, if any, with proof of the date it was delivered.
Any warning or disciplinary decision issued to you.
Save messages as clear screenshots that show the dates and senders, and export important WhatsApp chats before they are deleted.
5. A written summary
Write one page with your start date and end date, your basic and total salary, and each amount you are claiming with the reason for it, such as late salary, leave pay or end-of-service gratuity.
This summary organises your case in your own mind first, and saves time when you file the complaint or consult a specialist.
Extra documents that can help
Attendance records, if your claim is about overtime.
Leave requests and approvals, if your claim is about leave pay.
Any settlement or acknowledgement you signed. Do not sign a final settlement before you are sure you have received all your entitlements.
How to file the complaint
Step 1. Prepare your documents: put them in one file, in order.
Step 2. Try to settle amicably: a written request to management stating what you are owed solves many cases, and becomes evidence if it does not.
Step 3. File the complaint with MOHRE through its official channels and upload the required documents.
Step 4. Follow up: keep your complaint number, attend any settlement session and do not sign any agreement you do not understand.
Step 5. If settlement fails, the dispute may be referred to the labour court, where an organised file and specialist advice make a real difference.
Watch the deadline
Since the amendments in Federal Decree-Law No. 9 of 2024, labour claims must be filed within two years from the end of the employment relationship. Still, do not delay: the closer the complaint is to the events, the clearer and easier to obtain the evidence.
Frequently asked questions
I do not have a copy of my contract. Can I still complain? Yes. The contract is registered with MOHRE and can be retrieved, but it is best to request a copy before you file.
Are WhatsApp messages accepted as evidence? Electronic correspondence can be submitted as evidence, and its weight is for the competent authority to decide. What matters is that the messages are clear and show the date and sender.
Do I need a lawyer to file a complaint with MOHRE? No, you can file it yourself. But reviewing your documents with a specialist first helps you calculate your entitlements accurately and avoid mistakes that delay your case.
If your issue is a salary deduction, also read our guide: Salary Deductions in the UAE: When Are They Legal and What Can You Do?
How BlackRobe can help
At BlackRobe Legal Services in Abu Dhabi, we review your documents with you before you file, calculate your entitlements and help you draft your request or complaint and organise your file. Message us on WhatsApp at +971526562083.
Disclaimer: this article is general information, not legal advice. Laws and procedures change from time to time, so check with the competent authority or consult a specialist before making any decision.